Kungani amakesi nezikhwama zaseShayina zithengiswa phesheya?
Ulayini wokukhiqiza usebenza ngokugcwele, futhi umthamo wethrafikhi yesiqukathi uphindwe kabili.E-Zhejiang, Hebei nakwezinye izindawo e-China, amabhizinisi emithwalo angenise umcimbi omkhulu eminyakeni emithathu edlule.
Kungani izikhwama zamaShayina ziqhuma phesheya?Ngokusho kwedatha ethile, izikhwama zaseShayina zenze cishe u-40% wesabelo semakethe yomhlaba wonke, okusungula inzuzo enkulu yokukhiqiza.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, noma kunjalo, emakethe yezimpahla ezisezingeni eliphezulu emhlabeni wonke, "ivolumu" yemithwalo e-China namanje ayiphezulu.
Abangaphakathi bathe amapotimende aseChina adumile phesheya kwezilwandle, okuwumphumela wochungechunge lwezinto ezifana nobuhle obudidiyelwe bemboni yamapotimende yaseChina.Yiqiniso, isimo semakethe sishintsha ngaso sonke isikhathi, kuhlanganise nobhubhane, izingxabano zesifunda, izingxabano zezohwebo nezinye izici, nazo ezifanelwe ukunakwa kakhulu.
Ama-oda aphesheya akhuphuke kakhulu
I-Hebei Gaobeidian Pengjie Leather Co., Ltd. yinkampani ekhiqiza futhi idayise izikhwama eziphakathi nendawo nezisezingeni eliphezulu.Le nkampani itholakala eBaigou New City, esifundazweni saseHebei.Umthamo wayo wonyaka wokuthekelisa ingamashumi ezigidi zama-yuan, okubalelwa cishe ingxenye yomthamo webhizinisi.
UWang Jinlong, usihlalo wale nkampani, utshele i-China Newsweek ukuthi kusukela kulo nyaka, imiyalo yayo yokuhwebelana kwamanye amazwe iphinde yaba namandla.Ngokwezilinganiso eziguquguqukayo, ibhizinisi lokuthumela impahla kwamanye amazwe linyuke ngaphezu kuka-30% uma kuqhathaniswa nonyaka odlule.
I-Hebei Baigou New City ingesinye sezisekelo ezibalulekile zemboni yemithwalo eChina.Izibalo zibonisa ukuthi ezinyangeni eziyisishiyagalombili zokuqala zalo nyaka, inani eliphelele lamacala, izikhwama kanye neziqukathi ezifanayo ezithunyelwe zisuka e-Hebei zazingama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-1.78, lenyuke ngo-38% unyaka nonyaka.
E-Pinghu, eZhejiang, esinye isizinda esibalulekile sokukhiqiza imithwalo, umuntu wangaphakathi wendawo uthe imiyalo yayo yokuhweba kwamanye amazwe igcine ukukhula okuphelele okungaphezu kuka-50% kulo nyaka, futhi umthamo wokuthekelisa wemithwalo ezinyangeni zokuqala eziyisishiyagalombili zalo nyaka unyuke ngo. 60% ngonyaka.
Izibalo zikhombisa ukuthi kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya ku-Agasti, ukuthunyelwa kwe-Zhejiang kwamacala, izikhwama kanye neziqukathi ezifanayo kufinyelele ku-30.38 billion yuan, okukhuphuke ngo-59% unyaka nonyaka kusuka ku-19.07 billion yuan ngonyaka odlule.
U-Hebei Baigou no-Zhejiang Pinghu bayizisekelo zokukhiqiza zendabuko embonini yemithwalo e-China.Eminyakeni yamuva, ngesidingo esikhulayo semithwalo, inani lamabhizinisi emithwalo e-China liyanda, futhi ukukhiqizwa kwemithwalo kuhilela izifunda eziningi.Isibonelo, i-Shandong, i-Jiangsu ne-Hunan seziphenduke izisekelo ezikhulayo zokukhiqiza imithwalo e-China.
Kulezi zisekelo zezimboni ezisafufusa, isimo sempahla eya olwandle sijabulisa kakhulu.Thatha uHunan njengesibonelo.Ezinyangeni eziyisishiyagalombili zokuqala zalo nyaka, ukuthunyelwa kukaHunan kwezikhwama neziqukathi ezifanayo kwafinyelela kuma-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-11.8, okukhuphuke ngo-40.3% unyaka nonyaka;Phakathi kwazo, inani lokuthekelisa lezikhwama zesikhumba neziqukathi ezifanayo lifinyelele ku-6.44 billion yuan, likhuphuke ngo-75% unyaka nonyaka.
UJiang Xiaoxiao, umqondisi we-CIC Insight Consulting, utshele i-China Newsweek ukuthi ukukhishwa kwamacala nezikhwama ezisekelweni zendabuko ezifana ne-Baigou e-Hebei, i-Pinghu e-Zhejiang, i-Shiling e-Guangdong kanye nezisekelo ezinhlanu ezivelayo ezifana ne-Hunan zenze cishe u-80% we isamba sezwe, kanye nemiyalo yohwebo lwangaphandle kulezi zindawo ezibalulekile zokukhiqiza ngokuvamile iye yanda, okubonisa ukuthi ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwamacala nezikhwama eShayina kubonise inkambiso yokusimama.
Ngokusho kwedatha ekhishwe yi-General Administration of Customs muva nje, ngo-Agasti kulo nyaka, inani lokuthekelisa lamacala, izikhwama kanye neziqukathi ezifanayo eChina lenyuke ngo-23.97% unyaka nonyaka.Ezinyangeni eziyisishiyagalombili zokuqala, inani laseShayina eliqoqiwe lezikhwama kanye neziqukathi ezifanayo lalingamathani ayizigidi eziyi-1.972, likhuphuke ngo-30.6% unyaka nonyaka;Isamba semali yokuthekelisa esiqoqiwe besingamadola ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-22.78, sikhuphuke ngo-34% unyaka nonyaka.
Imininingwane ikhombisa ukuthi ezinyangeni eziyisishiyagalombili zokuqala zika-2019, inani lezikhwama ezithunyelwa ngaphandle kanye neziqukathi ezifanayo e-China lalingamathani ayizigidi ezi-2.057, kanti inani lokuthekelisa elihlanganisiwe lalingama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-17.69.Umthamo wezikhwama ezithunyelwa ngaphandle ezinyangeni eziyisishiyagalombili zokuqala zalo nyaka udlule inani ngesikhathi esifanayo sika-2019.
U-Li Wenfeng, iphini likamongameli we-China Chamber of Commerce for the Import and Export of Light Industry Crafts, utshele i-China Newsweek ukuthi imakethe yemithwalo yehle kakhulu ngo-2020 ngenxa yokuqubuka kwezifo.Kusukela engxenyeni yesibili ka-2021, imakethe isibuyile.Izinyanga eziyisishiyagalombili zokuqala zalo nyaka zenyuke kakhulu uma ziqhathaniswa nonyaka odlule.Kulo nyaka, ukuthunyelwa kwemithwalo yaseChina kulindeleke ukuthi kufinyelele ezingeni eliphezulu.
Ukusebenza kwezinye izinkampani ezisohlwini nakho kuyenyuka.Idatha yezezimali yomkhiqizo wezimpahla zaseMelika i-New Beauty engxenyeni yokuqala yalo nyaka ibonise ukuthi ukuthengiswa kwenetha kwenkampani bekungama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1.27, okuwukukhuphuka konyaka ngo-58.9% uma kuqhathaniswa no-2021. Engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2022, I-Karun, inkampani esohlwini lwemithwalo yasekhaya, ibe nemali engenayo yokusebenza engu-1.319 billion yuan, ekhuphuke ngo-33.26% unyaka nonyaka.
Izinzuzo ezivelele zokukhiqiza
UJiang Xiaoxiao uthe isizathu esibalulekile sokutholwa kwemithwalo ukusimama komnotho waphesheya kanye nesidingo.
Njengamanje, amazwe amaningi aseYurophu naseMelika akhiphe imingcele kwezokuvakasha nezohwebo.Ngokukhula kwemisebenzi yangaphandle njengokuvakasha, kunesidingo esikhulu semithwalo efana namabhokisi e-trolley.
I-Zhejiang Pinghu Ginza Luggage Co., Ltd. ingumkhiqizi wamacala e-trolley ochwepheshe.Kuyaqondakala ukuthi kusukela kulo nyaka, ibhizinisi lezinkampani zamatroli liqhumile, nama-oda ahlelelwe unyaka ozayo.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthengiswa kwamakesi e-trolley akhiqizwe yi-Hebei Gaobeidian Pengjie Leather Co., Ltd. nakho kunyuke kakhulu.
Idatha yombiko wezezimali ye-New Beauty ibonisa ukuthi uma kuqhathaniswa ne-Asia, ukusebenza kwenkampani e-Europe nase-United States kuye kwaphindeka kakhulu.Phakathi kwazo, ukuthengiswa okuphelele kweNyakatho Melika, iYurophu kanye neLatin America engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2022 kukhuphuke ngo-51.4%, 159.5% kanye no-151.1% unyaka nonyaka ngokulandelana, kanti lokho kwase-Asia engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2022 kukhuphuke ngo-34%.
U-Wang Jinlong uthe esimweni esinjalo, izinga lokushintshanisa lishintsha kusukela kulo nyaka, ikakhulukazi ukwazisa kwedola laseMelika, kuqinise amandla ayo okuthenga futhi kwavuselela isidingo.
Ekuqaleni kukaJanuwari walo nyaka, izinga lokushintshisana kwedola laseMelika uma liqhathaniswa ne-RMB lalingu-6.38, kanti kusukela ngo-Okthoba 18, izinga lokushintshaniswa kwedola laseMelika uma liqhathaniswa ne-RMB lalingu-7.2, ngokulingana kwedola laseMelika lidlula i-10. %.
Ukwengeza, ngenxa yokwenyuka kwezindleko zabasebenzi, izinto zokusetshenziswa, izindleko zempahla, njll., isilinganiso sentengo yeyunithi yezikhwama namapotimende senyuke kakhulu, okuphinde kwakhuphula ukukhula kwenani lokuthekelisa ngezinga elithile.Imininingwane ikhombisa ukuthi intengo yeyunithi yezikhwama neziqukathi ezifanayo ezinyangeni eziyisishiyagalombili zokuqala zika-2019 yi-US $ 8599/ton, futhi izokhuphukela ku-US $ 11552/ton ezinyangeni eziyisishiyagalombili zokuqala zika-2022, ngokunyuka okuphakathi kwama-34%.
U-Zhang Yi, oyi-CEO kanye nomhlaziyi omkhulu we-iMedia Consulting, utshele i-China Newsweek ukuthi, ngokuyisisekelo, ukuthengiswa kwezikhwama namapotimende aseShayina phesheya kwezilwandle kusengenxa yezinzuzo zabo zokusebenza kwezindleko.
Uthe ngemuva kweminyaka engama-30 kuya kwengama-40 yentuthuko, imboni yemithwalo yaseChina isilima uchungechunge lwezimboni oluphelele ngesisekelo sokucutshungulwa ngezinto ezihlinzekiwe, okuhlanganisa imishini esekelayo, amathalente, izinto zokusetshenziswa kanye namakhono okuklama.Inesisekelo esihle sezimboni, amandla amahle kakhulu, isipiliyoni esicebile namandla okukhiqiza aqinile.Ngenxa yokukhiqizwa kwemithwalo eqinile yaseChina kanye nekhono lokuklama, imithwalo yaseShayina izuze idumela elihle kakhulu ezimakethe zaphesheya kwezilwandle;Kusukela emiphumeleni yokuqapha, abathengi baphesheya baneliseke kakhulu ngekhwalithi yezikhwama namapotimende aseShayina.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izikhwama zaseShayina namapotimende anezinzuzo ezanele ngentengo, okubuye kube yisici esikhulu abathengi baphesheya kwezilwandle ababaluleke kakhulu kubo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kwezinye izifunda, intengo emaphakathi yephakheji eyodwa ingaphansi kwama-yuan angama-20.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinga lekhwalithi yemithwalo e-China nalo lithuthuka njalo.U-Wang Jinlong utshele i-China Newsweek ukuthi emakethe yanamuhla yaphesheya, ukuncintisana kushube kakhulu, futhi amakhasimende aphesheya anezidingo eziphakeme kakhulu zekhwalithi.Uma izinga lomkhiqizo lingathuthukisiwe, ngeke lime nakancane, futhi ukusebenza kuzoba kubi kakhulu.
U-Li Wenfeng uthe amapotimende nezikhwama zaseChina zidumile phesheya kwezilwandle, okuwumphumela wochungechunge lwezinto ezifana nezinzuzo ezididiyelwe zemboni yamapotimende nezikhwama zaseChina.Yiqiniso, isimo semakethe sishintsha njalo, kuhlanganise nobhubhane, izingxabano zesifunda, izingxabano zezohwebo nezinye izici, nazo ezifanele ukunakwa okuseduze.
Ubuthakathaka bomkhiqizo obubuthakathaka budinga ukuqiniswa
Njengamanje, iChina isibe ngumkhiqizi omkhulu wemithwalo emhlabeni.Ngokusho kwe-CIC Insight Consulting, izikhwama zaseShayina zenze cishe u-40% wesabelo semakethe yomhlaba wonke.Kodwa-ke, ngakolunye uhlangothi, abakhiqizi bemithwalo baseChina bagxile kakhulu ku-OEM.Njengamanje, kunamabhizinisi amaningi embonini, futhi ukugxilwa kwemboni kuphansi;Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kusukela ohlangothini lomkhiqizo, imakethe yemithwalo yasekhaya neyamazwe ngamazwe isalawulwa yimikhiqizo yamazwe ngamazwe.
I-CIC Insight Consulting and Monitoring ibonisa ukuthi, ngokombono wesakhiwo somkhiqizo othunyelwa ngaphandle, imithwalo yempahla yaseChina ethunyelwa kwamanye amazwe isabuswa yimikhiqizo emikhulu yamazwe ngamazwe ye-OEM ephakathi nesezingeni eliphezulu.Emakethe yasekhaya, ukuncintisana kwemikhiqizo yemithwalo ibonakala ngezigaba ezahlukene zamanani.Ezigabeni zamanani aphakathi nendawo neziphansi, amabhrendi asekhaya ayakhonya, kuyilapho ezigabeni zamanani aphakathi nendawo neziphezulu, izinhlobo zakwamanye amazwe zicishe zilawule.
Kusukela engxenyeni yokuqala yalo nyaka, ukukhula kokusebenza kwebhizinisi lemithwalo yaseMelika i-Xinxiu, elinemikhiqizo eminingi edumile njenge-Xinxiu ne-Meilv, bekuphakeme kakhulu kune-Karun.
Eminyakeni yamuva, amabhizinisi emithwalo yasekhaya, afana ne-Ginza Luggage kanye ne-Kairun, nawo asungule ama-brand awo, kodwa okwamanje, ukuncintisana kwawo akwanele.
Thatha iKarun Co., Ltd. njengesibonelo.Engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2022, imali engenayo yokusebenza kwenkampani ibingama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1.319, okuwukunyuka konyaka ngama-33.26%.Inkampani inezinhlobo ezimbili zamabhizinisi: i-OEM kanye nomkhiqizo wangasese.Ukukhula kokusebenza kwayo kungenxa yokwenyuka okukhulu kwemali engenayo evela kuma-oda we-OEM.
Phakathi kwazo, ibhizinisi le-OEM le-Karun Co., Ltd. liyi-R&D kanye nokukhiqizwa kwezikhwama zemikhiqizo edumile efana ne-Nike, i-Decathlon, i-Dell, i-PUMA, njll., enenzuzo engu-1.068 billion yuan, ekhuphuka ngo-66.80% unyaka nonyaka. .Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yesidingo esibuthakathaka, imali engenayo yebhizinisi lomkhiqizo wangasese yehle ngo-28.2% yaya kumayuan ayizigidi ezingama-240, esikhundleni salokho kwehlise ukusebenza kwenkampani.
U-Zhang Yi uthe amandla omkhiqizo wemithwalo e-China abuthakathaka kakhulu, okuyiyona nkinga imboni yemithwalo edinga ukuyixazulula.Kuyaphuthuma ukuqinisa ukwakhiwa komkhiqizo nokwandisa ukuguqulwa kwezindlela zokumaketha.
U-Li Wenfeng ukholelwa ukuthi ukwenza uhlobo lwemithwalo yaseChina lube lukhulu futhi luqine, sisadinga ukwenza imizamo ezicini ezintathu: okokuqala, ngokwezinga lomkhiqizo, kufanele sihlale silwela ukuthuthukisa nokuthuthukisa izinga lomkhiqizo;Okwesibili ukuthuthukisa ukuthuthukiswa kanye namandla okuklama, ikakhulukazi uma siya emakethe yaphesheya kwezilwandle, sidinga ukucabangela isiko, imikhuba kanye nezinye izici zabathengi baphesheya, ukuze siklame imikhiqizo ekhangayo, njengokuklama ngokubambisana nokuthuthukisa imikhiqizo yaphesheya kwezilwandle. abaklami;Okwesithathu, ukuqinisa ukwakhiwa kwesiteshi futhi kuthuthukiswe ikhono lokusebenzela phesheya kwezilwandle.
Emabhizinisini ethu emithwalo, akukho shintsho okwamanje.
UJiang Xiaoxiao uthe ngokombono wemakethe yasekhaya, njengoba abathengi abasebasha benaka kakhulu imfashini yomkhiqizo, bengasalandeli ngobumpumputhe imikhiqizo yamazwe ngamazwe, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukwamukela kwabo imikhiqizo yaseChina-Chic kanye nemikhiqizo yabaklami basekhaya kuye kwanda kakhulu, lolu shintsho kumikhuba yokusetshenziswa luyithuba elihle lokuthuthuka, futhi izinhlobo zempahla zendawo zidinga ukuqinisa ukubamba kwazo.
U-Li Wenfeng ukholelwa ukuthi, emabhizinisini ethu emithwalo, ngakolunye uhlangothi, sidinga ukuqinisa ukwakhiwa kwamakhono edijithali, okuhlanganisa ukuthuthukiswa kwedijithali nokuklama, ukukhiqiza okuhlakaniphile nezinye izici zokwandisa ukutshalwa kwezimali;Ngakolunye uhlangothi, sidinga ukusheshisa ijubane lobuchwepheshe bekhabhoni ephansi eluhlaza, njengokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza obuluhlaza ukuze kuthuthukiswe inqubo yokukhiqiza, siqale ngokuthengwa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe, nokwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinto eziluhlaza zokuvikela imvelo.
“Amabhizinisi awakwazi ukubheka lokhu kutshalwa kwezimali njengomthwalo.Ngokuphambene nalokho, wonke angamathuba okukhula kwemikhiqizo yemithwalo yaseShayina, kodwa ukwakha umkhiqizo akuwona umsebenzi wosuku, futhi udinga ukuqoqwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, "kusho uLi Wenfeng.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-28-2022