Kungani isikhumba sengwenya siyigugu?

Sonke siyazi ukuthi ingwenya iyisilwane esihuquzelayo sasendulo, esaqala enkathini yeMesozoic cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingu-200 edlule.Ngwenya igama elijwayelekile.Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-23 zezingwenya ezikhona, njengengwenya ye-Siamese, ingwenya yaseShayina, ingwenya, ingwenya yaseNayile kanye ne-bay crocodile.(Kunjalo, kunezingwenya zezinga lezilo ezingasekho, njengezingwenya zekhanda elihlukanisiwe, izingwenya zezingulube, izingwenya ezisabayo, izingwenya zasebukhosini, njll.)

Umjikelezo wokukhula kwengwenya uhamba kancane, indawo ezungezile inokhahlo uma kuqhathaniswa, futhi inqubo yokushukwa iyinkimbinkimbi, okunquma ukuthi izinga lokuzala kwayo lincane kunezilwane ezifana nezinkomo, izimvu nezingulube, futhi inani lezitshalo ezivuthiwe zokushuka zincane. , okwenza inani leyunithi lesikhumba sengwenya libe phezulu.

Isikhumba sengwenya, njengezinto eziningi ezithengiswayo, singahlukaniswa njengesiphezulu noma esiphansi.Yini ezonquma ukubaluleka kwesikhumba sengwenya?

Ngokwami, ngicabanga ukuthi 1: ingxenye, 2: ubuchwepheshe bokushuka, 3: ubuchwepheshe bokudaya, 4: izinhlobo zengwenya, 5: ibanga.

Ake siqale ngendawo.

Namuhla, abantu abaningi abanesimo nesikhundla bathanda ukusebenzisa isikhumba sengwenya, kodwa abanye ondlovukayiphikiswa bendawo abazi nhlobo ukuthi basebenziseni.Bavele bacabange ukuthi yisikhumba sengwenya.Ngenxa yalokho, kubukeka njengesikhumba emhlane naphakathi nendawo yomhlaba.

Kungani usho kanjalo?

Ingxenye yesikhumba sengwenya ibaluleke kakhulu.Izingwenya ziyizidalwa ezinolaka.Isikhumba esisesiswini sazo sithambile futhi sisengozini yokunwaya.Abanye abakhiqizi bakhetha isikhumba sezikhali zabo ezingemuva ukuze banciphise isivuno kanye nesikhathi sokucubungula.Siyibiza ngokuthi "isikhumba sangemuva" noma "isikhumba sesisu"

Ngenxa yokuthi ivulwe esiswini, lolu hlobo lwesikhumba sengwenya lushibhile kakhulu nakuba lungokoqobo.Yiqiniso, uma kukhona umklamo omuhle, isitayela sibuye sithakazelise kakhulu, kodwa ngokuqinisekile akusona isigaba sezimpahla zikanokusho nezinto zokwakha zezandla ezithuthukisiwe (nakuba ezinye izinkumbi zasendaweni zisacabanga ukuthi lesi yisikhumba sengwenya sangempela... akukho abangakwenza ukusiza).

Eqinisweni, okungafakwa esigabeni sokunethezeka kungaba isikhumba se-crocodile belly kuphela (ngaphandle kwesikhumba se-caiman belly, esizokusho kamuva), noma "isikhumba sangemuva"

Ngenxa yokuthi isikhumba sesisu sengwenya siphansi kakhulu, sithambile futhi siqinile, sifaneleka ukwenza imikhiqizo yesikhumba ehlukahlukene.

Okulandelayo, ake sikhulume ngobuchwepheshe bokushuka.

Uma ufuna ukwenza imikhiqizo yesikhumba, kufanele uqale ukushuka kusuka kuma-pelts.Inqubo yokushuka ibaluleke kakhulu.Uma ukushuka kungalungile, kuzoba nezinkinga ezinjengokuqhuma, ukungalingani, ukuqina okunganele, nokubamba okungalungile.

Umngane wami uvame ukungicela ukuthi angithathele ingwenya futhi angicele ukuthi angenzele isikhwama.Le mfuneko ayikwazi ukufezeka.Ungazama ukuyilungisa futhi uyithose wena ukuze ubone ukuthi ungayidla yini.

Uma abantu abazi ezinye izikhumba zengwenya bazobuza ngendawo yokushuka, lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba ubuchwepheshe bokushuka buwulwazi oluthuthuke kakhulu.Bambalwa kakhulu abakhiqizi abangakwazi ukushuka izikhumba zengwenya ngekhwalithi ezinzile emhlabeni, iningi labo eligxile emafektri amaningana eFrance, e-Italy, eSingapore, eJapane nase-United States.Izimboni ezimbalwa nazo zingabahlinzeki bemikhiqizo ethile ewubukhazikhazi.

Njengobuchwepheshe bokushuka, ubuchwepheshe bokudaya bungenye yezindlela zokwahlulela izinga lesikhumba sengwenya.

Ngisho nasembonini enhle, kunethuba elithile lemikhiqizo enesici.Izinkinga zokudaya ezivamile zihlanganisa ukudaya okungalingani, izimpawu zamanzi kanye nokucwebezela okungalingani.

Abantu abaningi abangaziqondi izinto zesikhumba bazongibuza umbuzo ovamile, bekhomba ucezu lwesikhumba sengwenya futhi bangibuze ukuthi ngisidaye yini.Impendulo iwukuthi, uma kungenjalo ... kukhona izingwenya ezibomvana, eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nezinsomi?

Kodwa kunenye engazange idayiwe, eyaziwa ngokuthi isikhumba sengwenya sase-Himalaya.

Lokhu okokugcina umbala wengwenya uqobo.Uma ukhetha isikhumba, uzothola ukuthi cishe yonke imibala ye-Himalayan ihlukile.Njengesikhumba sethu, kunzima ukuthola abantu ababili abanombala ofanayo, ngakho-ke kunzima ukukhetha ukujula okufanayo okumpunga kombala ngamunye wase-Himalaya.Yiqiniso, kukhona izikhumba zengwenya ezidayiwe ngokulingisa isitayela se-Himalaya, esingesibi, kodwa isitayela esikhethekile sokuqeda.

Isikhumba sengwenya ngokuvamile sihlukaniswa sibe matte futhi sigqame.Uma ihlukaniswe izingxenye, kukhona isikhumba esiqinile sesandla esicwebezelayo, isikhumba esithambile sesandla esicwebezelayo, ukukhanya okumaphakathi, i-matte, i-nubuck, nokunye ukuthungwa okukhethekile.

Ngayinye inezinzuzo zayo kanye nebubi bayo, njengesikhumba sengwenya esicwebezelayo.

Nakuba ubuso bukhanya, busaba kakhulu amanzi (isikhumba sengwenya kufanele sibe kude namanzi namafutha, kodwa ukukhanya kukhanya nakakhulu, ngoba kulula kakhulu ukuba nezimpawu zamanzi), futhi sesaba kakhulu imihuzuko. .Ngisho noma uqaphele, imihuzuko izovela ngemva kwesikhathi esithile.Ngisho nasenqubweni yokwenza imikhiqizo yesikhumba, isikhumba esiphezulu esicwebezelayo kufanele sinamathiselwe ngefilimu evikelayo ethambile, ngaphandle kwalokho kuzovela imihuzuko nezigxivizo zeminwe.

Uma ufuna ukugwema imihuzuko ngesikhathi sokusebenzisa?Yakha isitsha segesi esingenayo ekhaya bese ufaka isikhwama sakho kuso.(Akunconywa ukusebenzisa isikhumba sengwenya esicwebezelayo esiqinile sebhande lokubuka. Ayikhululekile futhi ihlala isikhathi eside.).Abanye abantu bathi isikhumba esicwebezelayo sishibhe kancane kunesikhumba se-matte.Ngokwami, kuncike esimweni, esingekho ngokuphelele.

Ngokubona kwami, ofaneleka kakhulu yi-medium gloss noma i-matte.Ikakhulukazi, umphumela wedayi yamanzi ngaphandle kokudweba uveza ngokuqondile ukuthinta kwangempela kwesikhumba sengwenya.I-luster izoba ngokwemvelo ngokwengeziwe ngokusetshenziswa kwesikhathi, futhi akuyona inkinga ukusula amaconsi ambalwa amanzi ngokushesha.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abangazi isikhumba sengwenya bazocabanga ukuthi isikhumba sengwenya sinzima kakhulu, kodwa ngenxa yezinqubo ezahlukene, isikhumba sengwenya singaba mnene kakhulu.

Ngisho nabanye bangakwazi ukwenza izingubo, ukuqina okuncane kungenza izikhwama, futhi okuphakathi kuthambile futhi kuqinile kungenza amabhande wokubuka.Yiqiniso, ayikho imithetho mayelana nokusetshenziswa.Ungasebenzisa futhi izinto zesikhumba sengwenya ukwenza izikhwama, kuye ngokuthi yisiphi isitayela esifunwa umbhali.

Izinhlobo zezingwenya ziyisihloko esibalulekile.Izikhumba zezingwenya ezivamile emakethe ama-caimans, izingwenya ze-Siamese (izingwenya zase-Thai), izingwenya, izingwenya ezinamabhilidi amancane aseMelika, izingwenya zeNayile, nezingwenya ze-bay.

Ingwenya ye-Caiman kanye nengwenya ye-Siamese zivame kakhulu emakethe yasekhaya.Ingwenya ye-Caiman iyisikhumba sengwenya esishibhile kakhulu, ngoba kulula ukusiphakamisa, kepha ungqimba lwezikhali lwe-cuticle luminyene kakhulu (abantu abaningi babiza ingxenye eqinile yethambo lesikhumba sengwenya, ingwenya ayiyona isidalwa se-exoskeleton, ingxenye eqinile i-cuticle, hhayi ithambo ), Emakethe, abathengisi ababi bezikhwama zohlobo oluthile bathanda ukuthengisa ama-caimans ashibhile ngamanani aphezulu okuthiwa izingwenya zasendle.

Ama-alligator e-Siamese azalwa kabanzi emazweni aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia naseChina.Ngenxa yezinga lawo elikhula ngokushesha uma kuqhathaniswa, ukuhleleka okungajwayelekile kokuthungwa kanye ne-cuticle ehlangothini, izingwenya ze-Siamese azisona inketho yokuqala yezimpahla zikanokusho.Ngendlela, izikhumba eziningi zengwenya ezithengiswayo esivame ukuzibona zenziwe ngokwenziwa, ngoba izingwenya ezifuywe ngokwenziwa ngeke zilimaze inani labantu basendle, futhi ngenxa yokuphathwa ngesandla, ikhwalithi yezikhumba zengwenya izoba ngcono kunezasendle. (ngokulimala okuncane).Kuphela izikhumba zengwenya ezinkulu, ezinkulu ngokwanele ukuba zisetshenziswe njengokhaphethi, ikakhulukazi zasendle, ngoba izindleko zezilwane zasendle ziphansi, ngakho-ke abantu abadingi ukuchitha imali eningi ukuze bazifuye.Ngokufanayo, indawo yasendle impofu uma kuqhathaniswa.Isibonelo, ukulwa nama-parasites kubangela ukulimala okuningi.Azikwazi ukwenza izimpahla zesikhumba ezisezingeni eliphezulu, kodwa zingasetshenziswa kuphela njengemihlobiso.Ngakho-ke, lapho osomabhizinisi abangathembekile bethi isikhwama senziwe ngesikhumba sengwenya yasendle, bangahleka bahambe.

 
Elinye iphuzu elibalulekile lokuhlola izinga lesikhumba sengwenya yibanga.Inani lezibazi nokuhlelwa kokuthungwa yizici ezibalulekile zokuhlola izinga lesikhumba sengwenya.

Ngokuvamile, ihlukaniswa ngamabanga I, II, III kanye ne-IV.Isikhumba seBanga I yizinga eliphakeme kakhulu, okusho ukuthi izibazi zesisu zincane kakhulu, ukuthungwa kuyiyunifomu kakhulu, kodwa intengo iphakeme kakhulu.Isikhumba seBanga II sinokukhubazeka okuncane, ngezinye izikhathi asikwazi ukubonakala ngaphandle kokubheka ngokucophelela.Isikhumba se-Grade III kanye ne-IV sinezibazi ezisobala noma ukuthungwa okungalingani.

Sonke isikhumba sengwenya esisithengile ngokuvamile sihlukaniswe izingxenye ezintathu

Indawo enezikwele eziningi maphakathi nesisu ngokuvamile ibizwa ngokuthi iphethini ye-slub, futhi ukuthungwa kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zephethini ye-slub ecoleke kancane ibizwa ngephethini yeflank.

Uma ubheka izikhwama zesikhumba zengwenya ezisezingeni eliphezulu, uzothola ukuthi izinto ezisetshenziswayo ziyisisu sengwenya, ngoba isisu sengwenya siyingxenye enhle kakhulu enenani eliphakeme kakhulu.Cishe i-85% yenani lengwenya isesiswini.Yebo, ngeke usho ukuthi isilevu nomsila konke kusala.KULUNGILE futhi ukwenza izingcezu ezincane ezifana nesikhwama semali, isikhwama samakhadi kanye nebhande lewashi (kungcono kwabaqalayo ukuzithenga ukuze bazilolonge izandla zabo).

Ngaphambili, abanye abasanda kufika babevame ukungibuza, ngezwa ukuthi isikhumba sengwenya siyabiza kakhulu.Lungakanani unyawo?Lona ngokuvamile umbuzo abantu abasha abangakwazi ukuwubuza.

Isikhumba sengwenya asibalwa ngamamitha ayisikwele (sf) kanye no-10×10 (ds) njengesikhumba esijwayelekile.Isikhumba sengwenya silinganiswa ngamasentimitha engxenyeni ebanzi kakhulu yesisu (ngaphandle kwezikhali zangemuva. Amanye amabhizinisi ashiya izikhali eziningi zangemuva emaphethelweni esikhumba ukuze zintshontshe ububanzi, bese zihlanganisa nesembatho sangemuva. Ezinye izimboni zidonsa izikhala zesikhumba sengwenya ngamandla ukwandisa ububanzi, okuyinto engenamahloni).